ARTHROSCOPY- KNEE
Knee arthroscopy is a minimally invasive surgical procedure that allows orthopedic surgeons to examine and treat issues within the knee joint. It involves the use of an arthroscope, a small, flexible tube with a camera and light source at its end, to visualize the internal structures of the knee joint without the need for large incisions. The procedure is commonly used to diagnose and treat various knee problems, such as torn meniscus, damaged cartilage, ligament injuries, or inflammation.
Meniscectomy and/or debridement are commonly performed with arthroscopy.
Cruciate ligament reconstruction is often performed with arthroscopic assistance.
Anesthetic Implications for Knee Arthroscopy
Anesthesia type: General ETT, LMA, or peripheral nerve block
Airway: Endotracheal tube or LMA
Preoperative:
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A thorough preoperative assessment should be conducted to identify any underlying medical conditions, allergies, or contraindications to anesthesia. This includes a detailed medical history, physical examination, and appropriate laboratory tests.
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The choice of anesthesia technique depends on factors such as patient preference, medical history, surgeon preference, and the anticipated duration of the procedure
Intraoperative:
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A tourniquet may be used to provide a bloodless surgical field
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Maximum safe tourniquet time is less than 2 hours
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Duration: 30-90 minutes
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Position: Supine with arms out
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EBL: Minimal
Postoperative:
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Maintain knee immobilization with a knee immobilizer
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Knee arthroscopy is often performed as an outpatient procedure, with patients discharged on the same day as the surgery
Complications:
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Hemarthrosis
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Thrombophlebitis
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Numbness
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Infection
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Stiffness
Sources:
Macksey, L. F. (2011). Surgical procedures and anesthetic implications: A handbook for nurse anesthesia practice.
Jaffe, R. A. (2020). Anesthesiologist's Manual of Surgical Procedures (6th ed.).
Singh-Radcliff, N. (2013). 5-Minute Anesthesia Consult.